All possible configurations were studied - single pulse, pre-pulse DP LIBS, re-heating DP LIBS and triple-pulse LIBS. This energy as well as the energies of the pre-ablation and the re-heating laser pulses were kept constant for all experimental arrangements. It means that energy of ablation laser pulse was set to the minimal value for which the intensities of selected spectral lines were above the limits of detection. The experiment was designed with the emphasis to a minimal sample damage. Namely, the pre-ablation laser pulse and re-heating laser pulse were combined into the triple-pulse LIBS (3P LIBS) to achieve the plasma emission enhancement.
The goal of this work is to examine the effect of third additional laser pulse on the orthogonal double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP LIBS) experiment. This approach can potentially be applied for real-time trace monitoring in manufacturing processes of photovoltaic devices where conversion efficiency depends strongly on impurities’ concentration. Therefore, this approach was applied to three unknown polycrystalline silicon solar cells, which yield Al, C, Ca, Fe, In, Ti, Sb and Sn in the parts per million (ppm). It is worth mention that the variant CF-LIBS results, but the approach is simpler and faster. The results are compared with reference values as well as conventional CF-LIBS results, which show that conventional and variant CF-LIBS results are similar and in close agreement to reference values. The Plasma temperature, determined using Boltzmann plot, was used to determine the concentration of all species present in a sample. The double pulse laser induced plasma was produced on the sample surface and the emission spectra were recorded at optimized interpulse delay and energy ratio.
ANGEL IPULSE FREE
We applied variant of calibration free laser induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) approach for the compositional analysis of standard Gd/Ge/Si alloy and solar cells.
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